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Basic 3 · Mathematics · Money

Buying and Giving Change

In this topic you will use Ghanaian money to buy items and give change.

By the end of these notes you should be able to:

  • Add prices to find the total cost
  • Calculate change
  • Use different notes and coins to pay

What you already know

  • Ghanaian coins and notes (Basic 2)

Copy everything that has a blue line on its left into your notebook. The other parts are for reading.

Strand
Number
Sub-strand
Money
Indicator
B3.1.4.1.1 – Use different denominations of money to buy and give change

Introduction

Akua buys bread for GH₵8 and pays with a GH₵10 note. The seller gives her GH₵2 change.

1. Total Cost

Example

Find the total cost of a pen (GH₵3) and a book (GH₵12).

  1. GH₵3 + GH₵12 = GH₵15

Answer: The total is GH₵15.

2. Giving Change

Change: The money given back when you pay more than the price.

Example

A bag costs GH₵35. You pay with GH₵50. What is the change?

  1. GH₵50 − GH₵35 = GH₵15

Answer: The change is GH₵15.

A child paying with a GH₵50 note and receiving change at a shop
Figure 1: Paying and getting change Draw a shop and price three items.Illustration: Sirbus

3. Pesewas and Cedis

Prices with pesewas
ItemPrice
sachet water50p
toffee20p
biscuitGH₵1.50

GH₵1.50 means 1 cedi and 50 pesewas.

GH₵2.00 − GH₵1.50 = 50 pesewas change.

New words

price
How much something costs.
total
The amount when you add all prices.
change
Money given back.
denomination
The value of a note or coin.

Summary

  • Add prices to find the total.
  • Change = money paid − price.
  • GH₵1.50 is 1 cedi and 50 pesewas.

Class activity: Class Shop

  1. Put price tags on items.
  2. Buyers pay with play notes and coins.
  3. Sellers work out the change and check it.

You need: Ghana cedi coins, Notes, Locally made price tags, Exercise books

Exercises

Answer in your exercise book first, then check your answers.

  1. 1. A toy costs GH₵7. You pay GH₵10. What is the change?

    • A. GH₵3
    • B. GH₵17
    • C. GH₵7
    • D. GH₵10
    Show answer
    Answer: GH₵310 − 7 = 3.

  2. 2. Find the total of GH₵25 and GH₵18.

    • A. GH₵43
    • B. GH₵33
    • C. GH₵53
    • D. GH₵7
    Show answer
    Answer: GH₵4325 + 18 = 43.

  3. 3. 100 pesewas make GH₵1.

    • A. True
    • B. False
    Show answer
    Answer: TrueThat is the rule.

  4. 4. The change from GH₵50 for a GH₵45 item is GH₵15.

    • A. True
    • B. False
    Show answer
    Answer: FalseIt is GH₵5.

  5. 5. GH₵2 − 50p = GH₵______

    Show answer
    Answer: 1.50200p − 50p = 150p.

  6. 6. Esi buys rice for GH₵30 and oil for GH₵25. She pays GH₵100. What is her change?

    Show answer
    Answer: GH₵4530 + 25 = 55; 100 − 55 = 45.

Homework

  1. Go shopping with an adult. Check the change you are given.