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Basic 1 · Mathematics · Number Operations

Adding Numbers

In this topic you will learn that adding means putting groups together. You will use the plus sign (+) and the equals sign (=).

By the end of these notes you should be able to:

  • Explain what adding means
  • Add two small groups of objects
  • Write an addition sentence with + and =

What you already know

  • Counting objects up to 20

Copy everything that has a blue line on its left into your notebook. The other parts are for reading.

Strand
Number
Sub-strand
Number Operations
Indicator
B1.1.2.1.1 – Demonstrate understanding of addition and subtraction

Introduction

Sena has 8 bottle tops. Kofi gives her 5 more. How many does she have now? To find out, we add.

1. What is Adding?

Adding: Putting groups together to find how many in all.

We use the plus sign (+) to add.

We use the equals sign (=) to show the answer.

Eight bottle tops and five bottle tops joined to make thirteen
Figure 1: Adding 8 and 5 bottle tops Draw the bottle tops and write 8 + 5 = 13.Illustration: Sirbus

2. Adding by Counting On

Steps

  1. Start with the bigger number.
  2. Count on the smaller number.
  3. The last number you say is the answer.

Example

8 + 5 = ?

  1. Start at 8.
  2. Count on 5: 9, 10, 11, 12, 13.

Answer: 8 + 5 = 13

Example

Ama has 4 oranges. Mother gives her 3 more. How many oranges now?

  1. Start at 4.
  2. Count on 3: 5, 6, 7.

Answer: Ama has 7 oranges.

Tip: Words like "more", "in all" and "altogether" tell you to add.

New words

add
To put groups together.
plus (+)
The sign that means add.
equals (=)
The sign that means "is the same as".
total
The answer when you add.

Summary

  • Adding means putting groups together.
  • Start with the bigger number and count on.
  • We write addition like this: 8 + 5 = 13.

Class activity: Bottle Top Adding

  1. Your partner puts some bottle tops in one group.
  2. You put some in another group.
  3. Join the groups and count the total.
  4. Write the addition sentence in your book.

You need: Bottle tops, Bundles of sticks, Exercise books

Exercises

Answer in your exercise book first, then check your answers.

  1. 1. 3 + 2 = ?

    • A. 4
    • B. 5
    • C. 6
    • D. 1
    Show answer
    Answer: 5Start at 3 and count on 2: 4, 5.

  2. 2. Which sign means add?

    • A. –
    • B. =
    • C. +
    • D. ×
    Show answer
    Answer: +The plus sign means add.

  3. 3. 6 + 1 = 7

    • A. True
    • B. False
    Show answer
    Answer: TrueOne more than 6 is 7.

  4. 4. 9 + 4 = 12

    • A. True
    • B. False
    Show answer
    Answer: False9 + 4 = 13. Count on: 10, 11, 12, 13.

  5. 5. 5 + 5 = ______

    Show answer
    Answer: 10Five and five make ten.

  6. 6. Yaw has 7 pencils. He buys 2 more. How many pencils does he have?

    Show answer
    Answer: 9 pencils7 + 2 = 9.

Homework

  1. Find two groups of things at home, like spoons and cups. Add them and write the sentence.